Main mint: Populonia

That portion of Italy north of Rome north to approximately Lucca, Etruria was home to many ancient, pre-Roman civilizations. The most notable of these was that of the Etruscans, with whom the Romans had a long history of wars. The Etruscans are still mysterious; their written language, like that of the Celtiberians in Spain, survives in a number of records, but decipherment is still far from complete despite claims to the contrary. At one time they were powerful, waging war throughout Italy and Sicily, but eventually the Romans broke their power and absorbed them.

Etruscan coins were issued mainly after the Toman conquest, in the third century BC. The best known are the silver coins of Populonia, with a gorgoneion on the obverse and a blank reverse. Some few coins have some sort of Etruscan inscription, but in general the coins are anepigraphic.