ELIS.Major mint: Elis. Territory in the north-western Peloponnese, dominated by a city-state of the same name. The people of Elis had gained the right to preside over the Olympic games following the conquest and destruction of the previous presider, the town of Pisatis. The Eleans had been a monarchy, but in 471 BC the monarchy was overthrown in favor of a democracy, which founded the new city of Elis. The politics of the Eleans tended toward neutrality with a pro-Spartan bias. Conquered by the Macedonians, like the rest of the Greeks, they were later forced to join the Achaean League, and under the Romans they kept their position as presiders of the Olympics. The coinage of Elis commenced with the founding of the city in 471 BC. The coins reflected the cult of Olympian Zeus, with his symbols of eagle and thunderbolt. Some coins are more specifically related to the Olympics, notably those which show Nike advancing with the athletes wreath. One curious coinage issue from this district is that of Pisatis, of which the former citizens descendants were given the right to preside over the 104th Olympiad in 364 BC. Once they had gained access to the Olympic treasury they took all the bullion and struck coins to pay for troops. A few examples of this coinage survive in gold. |