Major mints: Issos, Kelenderis, Mallos, Nagidos, Soli, Tarsos.

A wild, mountainous region of Asia Minor, this district was home to pirates throughout most of recorded history. It contained some significant cities, of which the most famous was Tarsos. Cilicia fell naturally into two districts, the western part was somewhat Hellenized, whereas the eastern, where it adopted civilization, preferred Persian, Aramaic-speaking culture. Some of the early coinage was issued by cities; others, especially at Tarsos, was struck by Persian satraps. Much of the early coinage is quite artistic, and shows unusual themes: strange winged deities, armed warriors, standing swans, kneeling goats, lions fighting bulls over city walls, and so on. The most famous of the deities illustrated is the Baal of Tarsos, often called Baaltars.

In Roman times these mints, and many more, produced enormous quantities of bronzes, usually of indifferent quality. Many have interesting mythological themes. Tarsos in particular had an interesting history, being home to one man of interest, Saul, better known as St. Paul.

One other issuer is of interest, namely the kings of the small Roman client-kingdom of Cilicia. Their capital was at Hieropolis-Castabala. The first of the kings was Tarcondimotos I, installed by Pompey in 64 BC; the last one, Philopator II, was deposed by the Romans in AD 17.